vfuzemlВестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М.К. Аммосова. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Серия «Науки о Земле». Earth SciencesVestnik of North-Eastern Federal University Series "Earth Sciences"2587-8751Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К.Аммосова10.25587/2587-8751-2025-1-86-98vfuzeml-349Research ArticleФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ГЕОГРАФИЯ И БИОГЕОГРАФИЯ, ГЕОГРАФИЯ ПОЧВ И ГЕОХИМИЯ ЛАНДШАФТОВPHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY, SOIL GEOGRAPHY, AND LANDSCAPE GEOCHEMISTRYИсточники загрязнения воды ртутью в крупных урбанизированных дельтах Aфрики и AзииSources of water pollution by mercury in large urbanized deltas of Africa and Asiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1156-770XМихайленкоА. В.MikhailenkoA. V.

МИХАЙЛЕНКО Анна Владимировна – к.г.н., доцент Института наук о Земле

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Researcher ID: A-8847-2017

Scopus Author ID: 55971159100

Anna V. MIKHAILENKO – Cand. Sci. (Geography), Associate Professor, Institute of Earth Sciences

Rostov-on-Don

Researcher ID: A-8847-2017

Scopus Author ID: 55971159100

avmihaylenko@sfedu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-645XРубанД. А.RubanD. A.

РУБАН Дмитрий Александрович – Ph.D., к.г.-м.н., доцент, доцент Института туризма, сервиса и креативных индустрий

г. Ростов-на-Дону

Researcher ID: W-7434-2019

Scopus Author ID: 8520926600

Dmitry A. RUBAN – Ph.D. (Geology), Cand. Sci. (Geology-Mineralogy), Docent, Associate Professor, Institute of Tourism, Service and Creative Industries

Rostov-on-Don

Researcher ID: W-7434-2019

Scopus Author ID: 8520926600

ruban-d@mail.ruФГАОУ ВО "Южный федеральный университет"РоссияSouthern Federal UniversityRussian Federation202510012026048698Copyright © Михайленко А.В., Рубан Д.А., 20252025Михайленко А.В., Рубан Д.А.Mikhailenko A.V., Ruban D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vnzsvfu.ru/jour/article/view/349

Быстрый рост урбанизации в крупных речных дельтах усиливает антропогенное воздействие на водные объекты, имеющие огромное значение для устойчивости уникальных аквальных ландшафтов и снабжения населения питьевой водой. В частности, происходит загрязнение воды ртутью из различных источников. Последние должны быть установлены для лучшей координации природопользования. Цель настоящей работы – обобщение научной информации об источниках загрязнения воды ртутью в крупных урбанизированных дельтах Азии и Африки. Материал для исследования собран с помощью международной библиографической системы по стандартизированным поисковым запросам с последующей «ручной» фильтрацией и выделением требуемых данных. Аналитические процедуры предполагали не только систематизацию этих данных, но и оценку их четкости, а также типизацию источников загрязнения. Установлено, что информация о повышенных концентрациях ртути в воде имеется для шести крупных урбанизированных дельт, из которых наиболее загрязнены дельты Нила, Меконга и Нигера. Источники загрязнения разнообразны и связаны, в частности, с горно- и нефтедобывающей деятельностью, сельским хозяйством, поступлением сточных вод и отходов. Некоторые загрязнители не связаны с урбанизацией или располагаются на удалении от дельт. Выявлено, что информация об источниках загрязнения воды ртутью не всегда конкретна, во многих случаях их значимость не аргументируется, а лишь предполагается, исходя из общих представлений. Практическая значимость сделанных выводов определяется указаниями на возможные факторы нарушения устойчивости природопользования в урбанизированных дельтах. Перспективы последующих исследований связаны, прежде всего, с расширением географического фокуса и совершенствованием подходов к сбору и критической оценке научной информации о разных аспектах антропогенной нагрузки на уникальные природные ландшафты.

Urbanization of large river deltas strengthens anthropogenic pressure on water objects, which are of utmost importance for sustainability of aquatic landscapes and freshwater provision. The aim of the present work was to synthesize the scientific information about sources of water pollution by mercury in large urbanized deltas of Asia and Africa. The materials for this study were collected with an international bibliographical database via standardized search, with subsequent “manual” filtration and data extraction. The analytical procedures included the data systematization and evaluation of data certainty, as well as typization of the pollution sources. It was established that the evidence of elevated concentrations of mercury in water is available from six deltas, from which the most polluted are those of the Nile, the Mekong, and the Niger. The pollution sources are diverse and related, particularly, to mining and petroleum extraction, agriculture, and discharge of wastewater and solid waste. Some sources are not linked to urbanization or located far from deltas. The information about the pollution sources is often uncertain. The practical importance of the findings is determined by the indication of the possible factors of sustainability disturbance in urbanized deltas. Prospects for further research are associated, first of all, with expanding the geographical focus and improving approaches to collecting and critically evaluating scientific information on various aspects of anthropogenic pressure on unique natural landscapes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.