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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vfuzeml</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М.К. Аммосова. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. Серия «Науки о Земле». Earth Sciences</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University Series "Earth Sciences"</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8751</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К.Аммосова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25587/SVFU.2020.19.3.007</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vfuzeml-54</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВОПРОСЫ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО ПОСТРОЕНИЯ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСТВА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>QUESTIONS ON OPTIMUM CONSTRUCTION OF DISTRIBUTED SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казымлы</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazymli</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">reyhana@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальное аэрокосмическое Агентство, г. Баку, Азербайджанская Республика</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Aerospace Agency, Baku, Azerbaijan Republic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Казымлы Р.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Казымлы Р.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kazymli R.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vnzsvfu.ru/jour/article/view/54">https://www.vnzsvfu.ru/jour/article/view/54</self-uri><abstract><p>Атмосферное электричество, по сути представляет собой разницу потенциалов между землей и ионосферы, достигающую до величины 300 kВ. Отмечено актуальность исследования атмосферного электричества, в частотности с применением наземной распределенной измерительной сети. Путем исследования этого явления можно изучать и предсказывать молнии, оценивать степень аэрозольного загрязнения атмосферы, радиоактивной загрязненности воздушной среды, а также предсказывать сейсмическую активность, непосредственно перед землетрясениями. Все вышеуказанное показывает важность и актуальность разработки распределенных сетей измерения атмосферного электричества, а также методов оптимизации таких сетей и систем. Проанализированы вопросы оптимального построения распределенной системы измерения атмосферного электричества. Основным элементом распределенной сети является операционный усилитель с резистивно-емкостным элементом в цепи обратной связи. Сформулирована и решена задача информационной оптимизации наземной сети атмосферного электрического поля. Отмечено актуальность исследования атмосферного электричества, в частотности с применением наземной распределенной измерительной сети. Составлена задача вариационной оптимизации для решения которой применено ограничительное условие, характеризующее общее ограничение, налагаемое на суммарную инерционность резистивно-емкостных цепей. С учетом данного ограничения составлена задача безусловной вариационной оптимизации решения, которой дала возможность выработать рекомендации по достижению высокой информативности измерений. Решение вариационной задачи оптимизации показало, что полученное решение обеспечивает минимум целевого функционала. На этой основе выработана эвристическая рекомендация, согласно которой реально оптимальное решение должно максимально отличатся от расчетного решения. В качестве практической рекомендации предложено использовать функцию, представляющую собой инверсию расчетной оптимальной функции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Atmospheric electricity as a matter is a difference of potentials between the Earth and ionosphere reaching up to 300 Kv. The actuality of research of atmospheric electricity, partially using ground distributed measuring network is noted. Studying this phenomenon, such events as thunderstorms, atmospheric aerosol pollution, radioactive pollution of air can be investigated and seismic activity before the earthquakes can be predicted. All above features prove importance and relevance of developing distributed networks for measuring atmospheric electricity and also methods for optimization of such networks and systems. The questions on optimum construction of distributed systems for measuring atmospheric electricity are analyzed. The major element of distributed network is an operational ampliﬁer with resistive-capacity elements in the feedback contour. The task on information optimization of ground network of atmospheric electric ﬁeld is formulated and solved. It is noted that research of atmospheric electricity using ground distributed measuring network is a vital and relevant task. The task on variation optimization is composed for solution of which additional limitation condition is applied which characterized general limitation condition imposed on total inertia caused by resistive- capacity contour. Taking this limitation condition into consideration, the task of non-conditional optimization task is composed, the solution of which makes it possible to formulate recommendations to achieve high informativity of measurements. The solution of variation task of optimization shows that this solution provides for a minimum of target functional. On this basis, the heuristic recommendation is developed in line with the real optimum solution should maximally differ from derived solution. As a practical recommendation it is suggested to use function which is inversion of derived optimum function.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>распределенная сеть</kwd><kwd>атмосферное электричество</kwd><kwd>оптимизация</kwd><kwd>измерения</kwd><kwd>электрическое поле</kwd><kwd>функциональная схема</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distributed network</kwd><kwd>atmospheric electricity</kwd><kwd>optimization</kwd><kwd>measurements</kwd><kwd>electric ﬁeld</kwd><kwd>functional scheme</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Price C. 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