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INFLUENCE OF MODERN CLIMATIC CHANGES ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE TRADITIONAL YAKUT CALENDAR

https://doi.org/10.25587/SVFU.2021.24.4.020

Abstract

The article discusses the main aspects of the evolution of the traditional Yakut calendar against the background of modern climate restructuring In the harsh climate conditions of Yakutia, a calendar of economic activities was especially signi cant for its indigenous population, which was engaged in northern livestock breeding for centuries. With the beginning of the Christianization of the indigenous population of the Lena Territory, and then the Yakut region, which began in the middle of the 17th century, they started using the Orthodox calendar, integrating the church calendar days and holidays into the economic annual cycle of the traditional Yakut calendar. In this work, we used the data from the oldest meteorological station in Yakutsk, analyzed the air temperature with a daily resolution of three winter-spring months (January, February, March), compared the synoptic dates of the folk calendar with the weather in the period from 1901 to 2020. An analysis of long-term meteorological observations of air temperature showed that the weakening of the Asian anticyclone and the increase in the intensity of cyclonic activity, observed since the end of the 1970s and continuing to the present, have led to a softening of winter frosts and a reduction in their duration. As a result, the centuries-old patterns of changes in winter weather in Yakutia, which were established in the Yakut calendar, have now undergone a signi cant transformation. In this regard, the synoptic dates of the traditional Yakut calendar, established by our ancestors during centuries of observation of changes in winter weather, were violated.

About the Authors

G. N. Savvinov
M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Russian Federation


V. S. Makarov
M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University; Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Savvinov G.N., Makarov V.S. INFLUENCE OF MODERN CLIMATIC CHANGES ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE TRADITIONAL YAKUT CALENDAR. Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University Series "Earth Sciences". 2021;(4):95-102. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25587/SVFU.2021.24.4.020

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