Over the past 60 years, in connection with the discovery of primary diamond deposits on the Siberian platform (JV), the diamond mining industry has been created and is successfully developing. The explored and approved reserves of primary and alluvial deposits make it possible to mine diamonds in ever-increasing volumes. To replenish diminishing reserves of diamonds, it is necessary both to discover new diamondiferous kimberlite diatremes and to involve placers in the development. Since the fund of easily discovered and emerging indigenous diamond deposits on the territory of the Yakut diamond-bearing province (YAP) is practically exhausted, their searches have moved to closed areas, where there is a wide development of various facies continental and coastalmarine terrigenous deposits of the Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic of signifi cant thickness, overlying kimberlite diatremes. Complex research of ancient crusts of weathering on terrigenous-carbonate rocks, dolerites, tufogene formations and kimberlites, as well as products of their rewashing in Mesozoic sedimentary thick layers of main diamondiferous regions of the Siberian platform allowed restoring specifi c features of their structural-formation generation. It is noted that specifi c features of rewashing and redeposition of various crusts of weathering products are typical of Mesozoic time in whole, conditioned by the development of various structural-formation zones in diamondiferous regions. Thus, generation of products formation of weathering crusts rewashing in Malo-Botuobinsky region was determined by the development of two structural-formation zones. Conditions for accumulation of weathering products existed in one of these zones (south-eastern) at Irelyakh time only on slopes of the central part of Angara-Vilyuy superposed sagging. In the second structural-formation zone (northwestern), occupying trappean plateau, crust formation with simultaneous washout and redeposition of products of weathering into occurring nearby local depressions and their partial carry-over beyond the said zone took place practically in the course of all Mesozoic time on elevated plateau-like uplifts. Complex research of ancient crusts of weathering on terrigenous-carbonate rocks, dolerites, tufogene formations and kimberlites, as well as products of their rewashing in Mesozoic sedimentary thick layers of main diamondiferous regions of the Siberian platform allowed restoring specifi c features of their structural-formation generation. It is noted that specifi c features of rewashing and redeposition of various crusts of weathering products are typical of Mesozoic time in whole, conditioned by the development of various structural-formation zones in diamondiferous regions. At MaloBotuobinsky region, the formation of weathering crust rewashing products was determined by two developing structural-formation zones. The studies carried out emphasize the importance of stratigraphic studies at all stages of geological prospecting for diamonds. It is very important to distinguish in the sections of sedimentary strata the horizons enriched with material from local run-off s, with dominant crusts of weathering of various rocks, including kimberlites.

The article presents a description and interpretation of the material composition of the magmatic series of the Early Precambrian which contributes to the reconstruction of geodynamic conditions for the formation of the ancient platforms foundation. The central part of the Aldan-Stanovoy shield of the Siberian Platform is characterized by a variety of magmatic complexes and a complex and long history of formation. Due to the superimposed processes of metamorphism that have changed the original appearance of rocks, the problem of dismemberment and correlation of complexes, geodynamic zoning on a material basis is far from being solved. This article describes the material characteristics of the Ungrinsky magmatic complex associated with the Paleoproterozoic suprasubduction environment. Its probable material analogues among other magmatic complexes and undiff erentiated orthopods are considered, the area of distribution is specified. The conclusion is made about the introduction of the complex after accretion events.

The article provides brief information about the distribution of the iron ore formation on the continents, with which the largest iron ore deposits are associated. It is indicated that a signifi cant component of the ferruginous quartzites of many deposits of the world, as deposits of rich iron ores of other formations formed due to them, are noble metals, which act one of the largest unconventional sources of associated gold and platinum mining in the 21st century. The common features of iron deposits of iron ore formation on diff erent continents are outlined. Information is provided on the identifi ed iron ore deposits of this formation in diff erent countries and on the territory of Russia, in particular, on the Aldan-Stanovoy shield, where they are developed in its iron ore regions, identifi ed, for the most part, in the Precambrian strata along deposits of iron ore rocks formations. As examples, geological descriptions of several of the most signifi cant deposits of ferruginous quartzites discovered on the territory of the Sutam block, which form the Sutam iron ore region of ASCH, are given. A brief description of the mineral composition of the ores of these iron deposits is given. The deposits of this region, according to the author, when they are involved in iron mining, will play an importent role in the economic development of South Yakutia.

The possibility of carrying out mutual calibration of satellite means for determining the volume of associated gas burned in flares at oil fields is analyzed. Existing satellite methods for estimating the total amount of associated hydrocarbon gas flared, implemented on the basis of MODIS and VIIRS data, are considered. An analysis was made of the technique for determining the power of optical radiation from torches on the basis of the MODIS database. Methods were developed for intersensor calibration of satellite meters, implemented by introducing an additive calibration correction for the measured temperature of objects outside the plume in the first case, when the MODIS data were calibrated according to the VIIRS readings and for the plume emissivity, in the case when the VİİRS readings are calibrated according to the MODIS readings. Calculations were given for determining the temperature of the torch, the surface area of the torch and radiation heat per unit area. Algorithms for intersensor calibration were determined. The problem of the optimal choice of the temperature of hydrocarbon associated gas torches, at which the emission of an aerosol of the elemental carbon (BC) type can be reduced in comparison with the maximum level of generation, is considered and solved. An analysis was made at what average temperature should the maximum BC emission be expected, if the statistics of the frequency of hydrocarbon associated gas fl ares are fully known. The values at which the BC emission would be maximum were determined.

Detection of landscape changes based on multitemporal, multispectral and multisensor satellite imagery with the accumulation of a vast array of archival data and numerous methodological developments is becoming a major tool for spatial planning and assessments of geosystem resilience. The dynamics and evolution of mountain permafrost landscapes in the Arctic and boreal regions are of interest in the context of climate regime change as a consequence of global warming. Large multi-temporal satellite data sets covering a 30-year period are often used to study the structural and chorological processes of landscape change. As numerous publications show, selecting a suitable method of change detection remains a challenge, especially in complex mountainous areas with pronounced functional changes in landscapes. In this paper, we demonstrate a methodology for modelling the dynamics of mountain permafrost landscapes on the eastern slope of the Orulgan Ridge (NorthEastern Siberia). Principal component analysis was used to improve information on changes from summarized multispectral multitemporal data. The results showed that between 1999 and 2021, the mountain permafrost landscapes underwent signifi cant changes associated with the processes of boreal forest boundary shifts and “greening” of the tundra.

The main purpose of this study was to identify the distribution sites on the territory of the Russian Federation of a special type of geoglyphs – forest glyphs formed during the existence of the Soviet Union, with the aim of subsequent design, creation, analysis and determination of opportunities for the practical use of geoglyph maps obtained using the capabilities of geoinformation systems and technologies. Based on the analysis of literary and Internet sources and remote sensing data, geo-images of forest glyphs – geoglyphs created by planting trees forming the necessary pattern were obtained. Forest glyphs are the most interesting and extremely specifi c geoglyphs of a younger (as opposed to the most famous) age, created during the existence of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Similar forest glyphs in the form of inscriptions were created for anniversaries, most often Victory Day. However, they were also dedicated to some other special holiday or event and could be dedicated, for example, to Vladimit Lenin himself or the anniversaries of the birth of the leader of the working people of the world proletariat, the Great October Socialist Revolution, the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Communist Youth Union, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union or its congresses. Representing inscriptions in the form of various kinds of congratulations and slogans, most often they have an ideological orientation. They were made en masse, and today more than fi fty similar geoglyphs have been preserved. At the same time, the largest number of forest glyphs in diff erent versions are dedicated to Lenin and one of the oldest of them was planted near villages Makachevo, Vologda region, in the year of his death in 1924. In large quantities, geoglyphs of the Soviet era began to appear in the USSR in the 1970s, when a huge number of trees were planted en masse across the country. Nevertheless, information about them has become known not only to local residents and widely available only since the beginning of the 21st century – with the development of the Internet and the increasing availability of high-resolution satellite images. At this stage of the study, using methods of analyzing literary and Internet sources of the subject under study, inventory, description, comparison, analysis, evaluation, remote sensing of the Earth, the location, spatial distribution features, the number and most important characteristics of forest glyphs on the territory of modern Russia were identifi ed.

Rural tourism is one of the dynamically developing types of tourism in Russia in recent years, a feature of which is the stay of tourists in rural areas. This type of travel combines different directions. For example, cultural and historical, gastronomic, ethnographic trips and others. This article analyzed the regulatory framework for rural tourism. The main document is Federal Law No. FZ № 132- FZ “On the Basics of Tourist Activities in the Russian Federation,” which defi nes the necessary facilities for the formation of rural tourism in the region, and other regulatory documents have been analyzed. The authors’ work on the development of rural tourism, both in certain regions and in Russia as a whole, was also considered. Kirov region is promising for the development of rural tourism. It is worth noting that on the territory of Kirov region there are regulatory documents in which the importance of rural tourism and rural areas is noted. In addition, the study, thanks to the systematization method, lists the available facilities with the existing infrastructure, analyzes the services provided for the development of rural tourism in Kirov region. In addition, event events were noted that can have a stimulating effect on the development of rural tourism in the region.

The article examines the expedition activity of the famous Yakut philologist, ethnographer Gavril Ksenofontov, who was the first to look from a scientifi c point of view at the origin of the Yakuts – the habitat of the ancestors of the Yakut people. The scientifi c works of G.V. Ksenofontov have been studied in some detail, many scholarly studies of philologists, historians, ethnographers and local historians have been published and do not lose their relevance. However, his research is also in demand in other sciences, in particular, it has a close connection with geography.

The geographic and spatial approaches to the research of the scholar review the routes of his ethnographic expeditions in the aspect of geographical space. The relevance lies in the description of the territories of the ethnographic expeditions of Ksenofontov, which were carried out in 1921–1926, as route fi eld studies in the geographic space of Eastern Siberia.

Object and subject of research: research activity of Ksenofontov and description of his expedition routes along the interfl uve of the Yenisei and Lena Rvers.

Materials and Methods. The review of scientifi c literature allowed to reveal the key issues on the topic of the article: the concept of geographical space is based on the research of E.B. Alaev, Yu.N. Gladkiy, V.D. Sukhorukov [1, 2, 3]; A.I. Dyachkova’s monograph [4, 8] and other sources revealed information about Ksenofontov’s personal, social and scientifi c activities. Ksenofontov’s activities in the East Siberian branch of the Russian Geographic Society and the Yakut Office of the RGS is based on the works of A. Malkova [7], Yu.A. Zulyar L.M. Korytny [10], and others.

 As a result, the author defined the territories and events of the scientifi c expeditionary activity of the scholar as a geographical space. The Ksenofontov’s activity during fi eld expeditions is summarized in 4 tables and a map of the routes of four expeditions with a length of 8,000 km, covering an area of about 2,000,000 square kilometers in the geographic space of Eastern Siberia, was compiled.